{
  "modelVersion": "1.1.0",
  "illustrative": true,
  "horizon": 10,
  "bids": [
    {
      "name": "Service-led",
      "capex": 160,
      "lifetime": 10,
      "annualOpex": 10,
      "annualEnergy": 60,
      "energyPrice": 0.1,
      "downtimeHours": 10,
      "lossPerHour": 0.5,
      "residual": 0,
      "tco": 304.18819324880775,
      "eac": 45.33301090755698,
      "capexPv": 160,
      "replacementPv": 0,
      "residualPv": 0,
      "energyPv": 43.53697226468615,
      "opexPv": 67.10081398941442,
      "downtimePv": 33.55040699470721,
      "fixedPv": 160
    },
    {
      "name": "Acquisition-led",
      "capex": 90,
      "lifetime": 5,
      "annualOpex": 20,
      "annualEnergy": 100,
      "energyPrice": 0.1,
      "downtimeHours": 20,
      "lossPerHour": 0.5,
      "residual": 0,
      "tco": 425.11655014242456,
      "eac": 63.35490210439015,
      "capexPv": 90,
      "replacementPv": 61.25248773303776,
      "residualPv": 0,
      "energyPv": 72.56162044114357,
      "opexPv": 134.20162797882884,
      "downtimePv": 67.10081398941442,
      "fixedPv": 151.25248773303775
    }
  ],
  "schedule": [
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 1,
      "energy": 10,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 40,
      "presentValue": 37.03703703703703
    },
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 2,
      "energy": 10.2,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 40.2,
      "presentValue": 34.465020576131685
    },
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 3,
      "energy": 10.404,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 40.403999999999996,
      "presentValue": 32.07399786617893
    },
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 4,
      "energy": 10.612080000000002,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 40.612080000000006,
      "presentValue": 29.851091184157788
    },
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 5,
      "energy": 10.8243216,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 90,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 130.8243216,
      "presentValue": 89.03683504429985
    },
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 6,
      "energy": 11.040808032000001,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 41.040808032,
      "presentValue": 25.86267068450656
    },
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 7,
      "energy": 11.261624192640001,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 41.26162419264,
      "presentValue": 24.075761409321135
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    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 8,
      "energy": 11.4868566764928,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 41.4868566764928,
      "presentValue": 22.41405777810211
    },
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 9,
      "energy": 11.716593810022658,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 41.71659381002266,
      "presentValue": 20.868682965706448
    },
    {
      "bid": "Acquisition-led",
      "year": 10,
      "energy": 11.95092568622311,
      "opex": 20,
      "downtime": 10,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 41.95092568622311,
      "presentValue": 19.43139559698305
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 1,
      "energy": 6,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 21,
      "presentValue": 19.444444444444443
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 2,
      "energy": 6.12,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 21.12,
      "presentValue": 18.106995884773664
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 3,
      "energy": 6.2424,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 21.2424,
      "presentValue": 16.86290199664685
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 4,
      "energy": 6.367248000000001,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 21.367248,
      "presentValue": 15.705565152105311
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 5,
      "energy": 6.49459296,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 21.49459296,
      "presentValue": 14.628858795655997
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 6,
      "energy": 6.6244848192,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 21.6244848192,
      "presentValue": 13.627093530054621
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 7,
      "energy": 6.756974515584,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 21.756974515583998,
      "presentValue": 12.694985659806278
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 8,
      "energy": 6.89211400589568,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 21.892114005895678,
      "presentValue": 11.827628013355337
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 9,
      "energy": 7.0299562860135945,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 22.029956286013594,
      "presentValue": 11.020462878029491
    },
    {
      "bid": "Service-led",
      "year": 10,
      "energy": 7.170555411733867,
      "opex": 10,
      "downtime": 5,
      "replacement": 0,
      "residual": 0,
      "cost": 22.170555411733865,
      "presentValue": 10.26925689393578
    }
  ],
  "hurdles": [
    {
      "name": "Acquisition-led",
      "reference": "Service-led",
      "incrementalFixedPv": -8.747512266962246,
      "annualSavingsHurdle": -1.3036372805167786,
      "actualOperatingSavings": -19.325528477349945,
      "tcoGap": 120.92835689361681
    }
  ],
  "stress": [
    {
      "case": "Energy +50%",
      "name": "Service-led",
      "tco": 325.9566793811508,
      "eac": 48.57715726556945,
      "rank": 1
    },
    {
      "case": "Energy +50%",
      "name": "Acquisition-led",
      "tco": 461.3973603629963,
      "eac": 68.76181270107759,
      "rank": 2
    },
    {
      "case": "Downtime +50%",
      "name": "Service-led",
      "tco": 320.9633967461614,
      "eac": 47.83301090755699,
      "rank": 1
    },
    {
      "case": "Downtime +50%",
      "name": "Acquisition-led",
      "tco": 458.66695713713176,
      "eac": 68.35490210439015,
      "rank": 2
    },
    {
      "case": "Combined +50%",
      "name": "Service-led",
      "tco": 342.73188287850445,
      "eac": 51.077157265569454,
      "rank": 1
    },
    {
      "case": "Combined +50%",
      "name": "Acquisition-led",
      "tco": 494.9477673577035,
      "eac": 73.76181270107759,
      "rank": 2
    }
  ],
  "annuityFactor": 6.710081398941445,
  "metrics": [
    {
      "key": "preferred",
      "label": "Lowest lifecycle cost",
      "value": "Service-led",
      "unit": "",
      "detail": ""
    },
    {
      "key": "tco",
      "label": "Lifecycle present cost",
      "value": 304.18819324880775,
      "unit": "USDk",
      "detail": ""
    },
    {
      "key": "eac",
      "label": "Equivalent annual cost",
      "value": 45.33301090755698,
      "unit": "USDk/year",
      "detail": ""
    },
    {
      "key": "gap",
      "label": "Gap to next bid",
      "value": 120.92835689361681,
      "unit": "USDk",
      "detail": ""
    }
  ],
  "tables": [
    {
      "title": "Lifecycle cost decomposition",
      "columns": [
        {
          "key": "name",
          "label": "Bid",
          "unit": ""
        },
        {
          "key": "tco",
          "label": "Total PV",
          "unit": "USDk"
        },
        {
          "key": "eac",
          "label": "Equivalent annual cost",
          "unit": "USDk/year"
        },
        {
          "key": "capexPv",
          "label": "Acquisition",
          "unit": "USDk PV"
        },
        {
          "key": "replacementPv",
          "label": "Replacements",
          "unit": "USDk PV"
        },
        {
          "key": "energyPv",
          "label": "Energy",
          "unit": "USDk PV"
        },
        {
          "key": "opexPv",
          "label": "Opex",
          "unit": "USDk PV"
        },
        {
          "key": "downtimePv",
          "label": "Downtime",
          "unit": "USDk PV"
        },
        {
          "key": "residualPv",
          "label": "Residual credit",
          "unit": "USDk PV"
        }
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "name": "Service-led",
          "capex": 160,
          "lifetime": 10,
          "annualOpex": 10,
          "annualEnergy": 60,
          "energyPrice": 0.1,
          "downtimeHours": 10,
          "lossPerHour": 0.5,
          "residual": 0,
          "tco": 304.18819324880775,
          "eac": 45.33301090755698,
          "capexPv": 160,
          "replacementPv": 0,
          "residualPv": 0,
          "energyPv": 43.53697226468615,
          "opexPv": 67.10081398941442,
          "downtimePv": 33.55040699470721,
          "fixedPv": 160
        },
        {
          "name": "Acquisition-led",
          "capex": 90,
          "lifetime": 5,
          "annualOpex": 20,
          "annualEnergy": 100,
          "energyPrice": 0.1,
          "downtimeHours": 20,
          "lossPerHour": 0.5,
          "residual": 0,
          "tco": 425.11655014242456,
          "eac": 63.35490210439015,
          "capexPv": 90,
          "replacementPv": 61.25248773303776,
          "residualPv": 0,
          "energyPv": 72.56162044114357,
          "opexPv": 134.20162797882884,
          "downtimePv": 67.10081398941442,
          "fixedPv": 151.25248773303775
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Negotiation savings hurdle",
      "columns": [
        {
          "key": "name",
          "label": "Alternative bid",
          "unit": ""
        },
        {
          "key": "reference",
          "label": "Cost leader",
          "unit": ""
        },
        {
          "key": "incrementalFixedPv",
          "label": "Incremental fixed cost",
          "unit": "USDk PV"
        },
        {
          "key": "annualSavingsHurdle",
          "label": "Required operating saving",
          "unit": "USDk/year"
        },
        {
          "key": "actualOperatingSavings",
          "label": "Modelled operating saving",
          "unit": "USDk/year"
        },
        {
          "key": "tcoGap",
          "label": "Lifecycle gap",
          "unit": "USDk"
        }
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "name": "Acquisition-led",
          "reference": "Service-led",
          "incrementalFixedPv": -8.747512266962246,
          "annualSavingsHurdle": -1.3036372805167786,
          "actualOperatingSavings": -19.325528477349945,
          "tcoGap": 120.92835689361681
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Energy and downtime stress ranking",
      "columns": [
        {
          "key": "case",
          "label": "Stress case",
          "unit": ""
        },
        {
          "key": "rank",
          "label": "Rank",
          "unit": ""
        },
        {
          "key": "name",
          "label": "Bid",
          "unit": ""
        },
        {
          "key": "tco",
          "label": "Total present cost",
          "unit": "USDk"
        },
        {
          "key": "eac",
          "label": "Equivalent annual cost",
          "unit": "USDk/year"
        }
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "case": "Energy +50%",
          "name": "Service-led",
          "tco": 325.9566793811508,
          "eac": 48.57715726556945,
          "rank": 1
        },
        {
          "case": "Energy +50%",
          "name": "Acquisition-led",
          "tco": 461.3973603629963,
          "eac": 68.76181270107759,
          "rank": 2
        },
        {
          "case": "Downtime +50%",
          "name": "Service-led",
          "tco": 320.9633967461614,
          "eac": 47.83301090755699,
          "rank": 1
        },
        {
          "case": "Downtime +50%",
          "name": "Acquisition-led",
          "tco": 458.66695713713176,
          "eac": 68.35490210439015,
          "rank": 2
        },
        {
          "case": "Combined +50%",
          "name": "Service-led",
          "tco": 342.73188287850445,
          "eac": 51.077157265569454,
          "rank": 1
        },
        {
          "case": "Combined +50%",
          "name": "Acquisition-led",
          "tco": 494.9477673577035,
          "eac": 73.76181270107759,
          "rank": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Annual lifecycle cash-cost ledger",
      "columns": [
        {
          "key": "bid",
          "label": "Bid",
          "unit": ""
        },
        {
          "key": "year",
          "label": "Year",
          "unit": ""
        },
        {
          "key": "energy",
          "label": "Energy",
          "unit": "USDk"
        },
        {
          "key": "opex",
          "label": "Opex",
          "unit": "USDk"
        },
        {
          "key": "downtime",
          "label": "Downtime",
          "unit": "USDk"
        },
        {
          "key": "replacement",
          "label": "Replacement",
          "unit": "USDk"
        },
        {
          "key": "residual",
          "label": "Residual credit",
          "unit": "USDk"
        },
        {
          "key": "cost",
          "label": "Net annual cost",
          "unit": "USDk"
        },
        {
          "key": "presentValue",
          "label": "Present cost",
          "unit": "USDk"
        }
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 1,
          "energy": 10,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 40,
          "presentValue": 37.03703703703703
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 2,
          "energy": 10.2,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 40.2,
          "presentValue": 34.465020576131685
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 3,
          "energy": 10.404,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 40.403999999999996,
          "presentValue": 32.07399786617893
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 4,
          "energy": 10.612080000000002,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 40.612080000000006,
          "presentValue": 29.851091184157788
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 5,
          "energy": 10.8243216,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 90,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 130.8243216,
          "presentValue": 89.03683504429985
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 6,
          "energy": 11.040808032000001,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 41.040808032,
          "presentValue": 25.86267068450656
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 7,
          "energy": 11.261624192640001,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 41.26162419264,
          "presentValue": 24.075761409321135
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 8,
          "energy": 11.4868566764928,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 41.4868566764928,
          "presentValue": 22.41405777810211
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 9,
          "energy": 11.716593810022658,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 41.71659381002266,
          "presentValue": 20.868682965706448
        },
        {
          "bid": "Acquisition-led",
          "year": 10,
          "energy": 11.95092568622311,
          "opex": 20,
          "downtime": 10,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 41.95092568622311,
          "presentValue": 19.43139559698305
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 1,
          "energy": 6,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 21,
          "presentValue": 19.444444444444443
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 2,
          "energy": 6.12,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 21.12,
          "presentValue": 18.106995884773664
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 3,
          "energy": 6.2424,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 21.2424,
          "presentValue": 16.86290199664685
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 4,
          "energy": 6.367248000000001,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 21.367248,
          "presentValue": 15.705565152105311
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 5,
          "energy": 6.49459296,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 21.49459296,
          "presentValue": 14.628858795655997
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 6,
          "energy": 6.6244848192,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 21.6244848192,
          "presentValue": 13.627093530054621
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 7,
          "energy": 6.756974515584,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 21.756974515583998,
          "presentValue": 12.694985659806278
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 8,
          "energy": 6.89211400589568,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 21.892114005895678,
          "presentValue": 11.827628013355337
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 9,
          "energy": 7.0299562860135945,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 22.029956286013594,
          "presentValue": 11.020462878029491
        },
        {
          "bid": "Service-led",
          "year": 10,
          "energy": 7.170555411733867,
          "opex": 10,
          "downtime": 5,
          "replacement": 0,
          "residual": 0,
          "cost": 22.170555411733865,
          "presentValue": 10.26925689393578
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "warnings": [
    "Some bids require replacement before the common horizon. These costs are included at the replacement dates."
  ],
  "summary": "Service-led has the lowest supplied 10-year lifecycle present cost, 304.19 USDk. Acquisition price alone excludes replacement, operating exposure and residual credit. The next bid is 120.93 USDk more expensive on this common horizon.",
  "methods": [
    "PV lifecycle cost includes acquisition at t = 0, replacements at each service-life multiple strictly before the horizon, annual opex, escalated energy and downtime, less supplied horizon residual.",
    "Energy price in year 1 equals the input price, then compounds annually.",
    "Equivalent annual cost divides lifecycle PV by the ordinary annuity present-value factor.",
    "Savings hurdle divides incremental fixed lifecycle PV (acquisition, replacements and residual) by the annuity factor. Positive values require that much annual operating saving.",
    "Bid totals are ordered by their computed lifecycle present value. A tie warning applies only to the same computed value, with a stable name ordering.",
    "Equal computed costs use literal name order independent of browser language for consistent display; no economic superiority is implied by that order."
  ],
  "limitations": [
    "Constant real opex/downtime, identical replacement cost, no tax or stochastic failure model.",
    "Supplied residual is credited at the common horizon regardless of asset age; user must support it.",
    "Energy units are USDk/MWh, so 0.12 represents USD120/MWh.",
    "Discounted costs use floating-point arithmetic. A computed tie can result from numerical precision and does not establish exact economic indifference or substantive procurement equivalence.",
    "Numerical input precision: use zero or absolute values of at least 0.000000001. Smaller nonzero inputs are rejected explicitly."
  ]
}